Since its independence in 1944 Iceland’s economy has been largely dependent on the fishing industry. During the 1950’s-1970’s England contested Iceland’s control of the fishing grounds. These conflicts became known as the Cod Wars.

Three separate wars were fought as Iceland expanded their exclusive fishery zone from 4nmi to 12nmi, then to 50nmi in 1972, and then to 200nmi in 1975. During these conflicts Icelandic fishing boats were escorted by Coast Guard vessels equipped with net cutters.

The conflict ended in 1976 after Iceland threatened to close a major NATO base and the British government conceded, agreeing not to fish within the previously contested 200nmi zone.